{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "b23b101c", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# 21-04 · Стреляем\n", "\n", "Практика к разделу [«Стреляем»](../../site/chapters/glava-21/21-04-strelba.html)." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "4c0372dd", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## Цель\n", "\n", "Создать пулю у носа корабля и убедиться, что она улетает вверх." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "20deb681", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## Рабочий пример" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, "id": "f9762091", "metadata": { "execution": { "iopub.execute_input": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.834991Z", "iopub.status.busy": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.834868Z", "iopub.status.idle": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.977018Z", "shell.execute_reply": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.976562Z" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "pygame-ce 2.5.8 (SDL 2.32.10, Python 3.14.6)\n" ] } ], "source": [ "import random\n", "\n", "import pygame\n", "\n", "SHIRINA, VYSOTA = 500, 600\n", "FPS = 60\n", "\n", "KORABL_SHIRINA, KORABL_VYSOTA = 50, 40\n", "KORABL_SKOROST = 6\n", "\n", "PULYA_SHIRINA, PULYA_VYSOTA = 4, 12\n", "PULYA_SKOROST = 9\n", "\n", "VRAG_SHIRINA, VRAG_VYSOTA = 40, 30\n", "VRAG_SKOROST = 2\n", "INTERVAL_POYAVLENIYA_VRAGA = 45\n", "\n", "BELYJ = (255, 255, 255)\n", "CHERNYJ = (10, 10, 20)\n", "ZELYONYJ = (80, 220, 120)\n", "KRASNYJ = (230, 60, 60)\n", "ZHYOLTYJ = (240, 220, 80)\n", "\n", "pygame.init()\n", "screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SHIRINA, VYSOTA))\n", "pygame.display.set_caption(\"Космический шутер\")\n", "clock = pygame.time.Clock()\n", "shrift = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 32)\n", "shrift_bolshoj = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 64)\n", "\n", "\n", "def novaya_igra():\n", " return {\n", " \"korabl\": pygame.Rect(\n", " SHIRINA // 2 - KORABL_SHIRINA // 2,\n", " VYSOTA - KORABL_VYSOTA - 20,\n", " KORABL_SHIRINA,\n", " KORABL_VYSOTA,\n", " ),\n", " \"puli\": [],\n", " \"vragi\": [],\n", " \"schet\": 0,\n", " \"kadrov_do_vraga\": INTERVAL_POYAVLENIYA_VRAGA,\n", " \"igra_okonchena\": False,\n", " }\n", "\n", "\n", "def obrabotat_klavishi(state, klavishi):\n", " korabl = state[\"korabl\"]\n", " if klavishi[pygame.K_LEFT]:\n", " korabl.x -= KORABL_SKOROST\n", " if klavishi[pygame.K_RIGHT]:\n", " korabl.x += KORABL_SKOROST\n", " korabl.x = max(0, min(korabl.x, SHIRINA - KORABL_SHIRINA))\n", "\n", "\n", "def vystrelit(state):\n", " korabl = state[\"korabl\"]\n", " pulya = pygame.Rect(\n", " korabl.centerx - PULYA_SHIRINA // 2,\n", " korabl.top,\n", " PULYA_SHIRINA,\n", " PULYA_VYSOTA,\n", " )\n", " state[\"puli\"].append(pulya)\n", "\n", "\n", "def sozdat_vraga():\n", " x = random.randint(0, SHIRINA - VRAG_SHIRINA)\n", " return pygame.Rect(x, -VRAG_VYSOTA, VRAG_SHIRINA, VRAG_VYSOTA)\n", "\n", "\n", "def obnovit_igru(state):\n", " if state[\"igra_okonchena\"]:\n", " return\n", "\n", " for pulya in state[\"puli\"]:\n", " pulya.y -= PULYA_SKOROST\n", " state[\"puli\"] = [p for p in state[\"puli\"] if p.bottom > 0]\n", "\n", " state[\"kadrov_do_vraga\"] -= 1\n", " if state[\"kadrov_do_vraga\"] <= 0:\n", " state[\"vragi\"].append(sozdat_vraga())\n", " state[\"kadrov_do_vraga\"] = INTERVAL_POYAVLENIYA_VRAGA\n", "\n", " for vrag in state[\"vragi\"]:\n", " vrag.y += VRAG_SKOROST\n", "\n", " novye_puli = []\n", " novye_vragi = list(state[\"vragi\"])\n", " for pulya in state[\"puli\"]:\n", " popala = False\n", " for vrag in list(novye_vragi):\n", " if pulya.colliderect(vrag):\n", " novye_vragi.remove(vrag)\n", " state[\"schet\"] += 10\n", " popala = True\n", " break\n", " if not popala:\n", " novye_puli.append(pulya)\n", " state[\"puli\"] = novye_puli\n", " state[\"vragi\"] = novye_vragi\n", "\n", " for vrag in state[\"vragi\"]:\n", " if vrag.bottom >= VYSOTA or vrag.colliderect(state[\"korabl\"]):\n", " state[\"igra_okonchena\"] = True\n", " break\n", "\n", "\n", "def narisovat(state):\n", " screen.fill(CHERNYJ)\n", " pygame.draw.rect(screen, ZELYONYJ, state[\"korabl\"])\n", " for pulya in state[\"puli\"]:\n", " pygame.draw.rect(screen, ZHYOLTYJ, pulya)\n", " for vrag in state[\"vragi\"]:\n", " pygame.draw.rect(screen, KRASNYJ, vrag)\n", "\n", " tablo = shrift.render(f\"Счёт: {state['schet']}\", True, BELYJ)\n", " screen.blit(tablo, (10, 10))\n", "\n", " if state[\"igra_okonchena\"]:\n", " nadpis = shrift_bolshoj.render(\"ИГРА ОКОНЧЕНА\", True, BELYJ)\n", " rect = nadpis.get_rect(center=(SHIRINA // 2, VYSOTA // 2))\n", " screen.blit(nadpis, rect)\n", "\n", " pygame.display.flip()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "id": "6b825062", "metadata": { "execution": { "iopub.execute_input": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.978111Z", "iopub.status.busy": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.977929Z", "iopub.status.idle": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.980671Z", "shell.execute_reply": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.980214Z" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Пуль после выстрела: 1\n", "Позиция пули: Rect(248, 540, 4, 12)\n", "Позиция корабля: Rect(225, 540, 50, 40)\n" ] } ], "source": [ "state = novaya_igra()\n", "vystrelit(state)\n", "\n", "print(\"Пуль после выстрела:\", len(state[\"puli\"]))\n", "print(\"Позиция пули:\", state[\"puli\"][0])\n", "print(\"Позиция корабля:\", state[\"korabl\"])" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "50eead7d", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## Проверка результата" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 3, "id": "0dad6204", "metadata": { "execution": { "iopub.execute_input": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.981616Z", "iopub.status.busy": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.981503Z", "iopub.status.idle": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.983976Z", "shell.execute_reply": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.983538Z" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Верно: пуля появилась ровно у носа корабля.\n" ] } ], "source": [ "pulya = state[\"puli\"][0]\n", "assert pulya.centerx == state[\"korabl\"].centerx\n", "assert pulya.top == state[\"korabl\"].top\n", "print(\"Верно: пуля появилась ровно у носа корабля.\")" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "1e5bc855", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## Эксперимент — пуля улетает за экран и исчезает" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 4, "id": "296b38d2", "metadata": { "execution": { "iopub.execute_input": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.985013Z", "iopub.status.busy": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.984892Z", "iopub.status.idle": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.987834Z", "shell.execute_reply": "2026-08-14T20:59:33.987172Z" } }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Пуль осталось: 0\n", "Верно: пуля улетела с 540 за пределы экрана и была удалена из списка.\n" ] } ], "source": [ "y_do = state[\"puli\"][0].y\n", "for kadr in range(200):\n", " obnovit_igru(state)\n", "\n", "print(\"Пуль осталось:\", len(state[\"puli\"]))\n", "assert len(state[\"puli\"]) == 0, \"пуля должна улететь за верхний край экрана и исчезнуть\"\n", "print(f\"Верно: пуля улетела с {y_do} за пределы экрана и была удалена из списка.\")" ] } ], "metadata": { "kernelspec": { "display_name": "Cartesian Python 3.14", "language": "python", "name": "cartesian-python314" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 3 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "version": "3.14.6" } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 5 }